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61.
Studies of O2 supply in freshly isolated adult mammalian cells provide new insight into the factors that limit mitochondrial oxygenation in vivo. Of particular importance, mitochondria are present at high densities and often in apparent clusters, both of which contribute to local O2 gradients under hypoxic conditions. Current evidence indicates that the mitochondrial distribution is a component of the differentiated phenotype of adult mammalian cells and that specific motors and anchoring mechanisms are present to allow redistribution in response to developmental, physiological and pathological challenges. To compare the importance of resistance to O2 transfer under different conditions and at different sites along the supply path in vivo, a simple mathematical expression of relative resistance to O2 supply is introduced. Under various pathophysiological conditions, this resistance increases in specific regions of the pulmonary, circulatory or cellular supply path and results in O2 deficiency in the mitochondria. Regardless of cause, the relative resistance increases dramatically in the vicinity of mitochondrial clusters during hypoxia. 相似文献
62.
Dose-dependent relaxations were induced by dopamine in human pulmonary arteries that had been contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha without alpha-adrenergic blocking agents. The dopamine-induced relaxation was inhibited by haloperidol and fluphenazine, but not by domperidone, suggesting that this relaxation was mediated via DA1 receptors. 相似文献
63.
64.
针对航空发动机传感器监测的退化参数提取困难,易受噪声干扰及发动机剩余使用寿命预测精度不足等问题,利用最大信息系数、贝叶斯优化算法和类别特征梯度提升算法,提出了一种新的发动机剩余使用寿命预测模型。首先,为有效解决特征提取不足的问题,对采集的传感器历史监测特征进行最大信息系数相关性计算,提取出对发动机寿命运行周期影响较大的关键退化特征。其次,为解决剩余使用寿命预测中的梯度偏差及预测偏移问题,使用基于贝叶斯优化的类别特征梯度提升方法对航空发动机进行剩余使用寿命预测。最后,在美国航空航天局提供的商用模块化航空推进系统仿真数据集上进行实验,结果表明所提预测方法的性能较好,验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
65.
The activity of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase was measured in the serum before and immediately after electroconvulsive treatments. No significant difference was observed, suggesting that the seizures did not cause an increase in the peripheral sympathetic tone. 相似文献
66.
Scavenger receptor family proteins: roles for atherosclerosis, host defence and disorders of the central nervous system 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
Y. Yamada T. Doi T. Hamakubo T. Kodama 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1998,54(7):628-640
In this review, we summarize the structure and function of the scavenger receptor family of proteins including class A (type
I and II macrophage scavenger receptors, MARCO), class B (CD36, scavenger receptor class BI), mucinlike (CD68/macrosialin,
dSR-CI) and endothelial (LOX-1) receptors. Two motifs have been identified as ligand-binding domains a charged collagen structure
of type I and II receptors, and an immunodominant domain of CD36. These structures can recognize a wide range of negatively
charged macromolecules, including oxidized low-density lipoproteins, damaged or apoptotic cells, and pathogenic microorganisms.
After binding, these ligands can be either internalized by endocytosis or phagocytosis, or remain at the cell surface and
mediate adhesion or lipid transfer through caveolae. Under physiological conditions, scavenger receptors serve to scavenge
or clean up cellular debris and other related materials, and they play a role in host defence. In pathological states, they
mediate the recruitment, activation and transformation of macrophages and other cells which may be related to the development
of atherosclerosis and to disorders caused by the accumulation of denatured materials, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Received 17 September 1997; received after revision 16 March 1998; accepted 17 March 1998 相似文献
67.
Visual pigment: G-protein-coupled receptor for light signals 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The visual pigment present in photoreceptor cells is a prototypical G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that receives a light
signal from the outer environment using a light-absorbing chromophore, 11-cis-retinal. Through cis-trans isomerization of the chromophore, light energy is transduced into chemical free energy, which
is in turn utilized for conformational changes in the protein to activate the retinal G-protein. In combination with site-directed
mutagenesis, various spectroscopic and biochemical studies identified functional residues responsible for chromophore binding,
color regulation, intramolecular signal transduction and G-protein coupling. Extensive studies reveal that these residues
are localized into specific domains of visual pigments, suggesting a highly manipulated molecular architecture in visual pigments.
In addition to the recent findings on dysfunctional mutations in patients with retinitis pigmentosa or congenital night blindness,
the mechanism of intramolecular signal transduction in visual pigments and their evolutionary relationship are discussed.
Received 20 July 1998; received after revision 9 September 1998; accepted 23 September 1998 相似文献
68.
69.
Bicuculline and picrotoxin block gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated Cl- conductance by different mechanisms 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Using isolated, internally perfused bullfrog dorsal root ganglion cells we have studied the dose-response curves for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of internally or externally applied GABA antagonists. With external application of antagonists the inhibition of the GABA current by bicuculline was competitive and that by picrotoxin was noncompetitive. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline blocked when internally perfused. 相似文献
70.
P S Ohashi T W Mak P Van den Elsen Y Yanagi Y Yoshikai A F Calman C Terhorst J D Stobo A Weiss 《Nature》1985,316(6029):606-609